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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

CAD

Description

carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase

Protein class

Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

The de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides is required for mammalian cells to proliferate. This gene encodes a trifunctional protein which is associated with the enzymatic activities of the first 3 enzymes in the 6-step pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis: carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPS II), aspartate transcarbamoylase, and dihydroorotase. This protein is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which indicates a direct link between activation of the MAPK cascade and de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

5 in total
0 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Staining of cytoplasm in A-431.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

CAB007781
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Most normal tissues showed cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of moderate intensity, in a few cases accompanied with membranous staining. Strong positivity was observed in glandular cells in breast, trophoblastic cells in placenta and in germinal center cells in lymphoid tissues. Plasma was distinctly stained.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 60 out of 77 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

CAB007781
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 12
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 11
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 13
Endocrine tissues 2

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 90% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB007781
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB007781

CAB007781

A-431 Skin High
Weak
A-549 Lung High
CACO-2 Colon High
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney High
HeLa Cervix High
Hep-G2 Liver Medium
MCF-7 Pleural effusion High
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone High
Negative
U-251 MG Brain High
Negative

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB007781 mAb