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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

CD59

Description

CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, CD markers, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a cell surface glycoprotein that regulates complement-mediated cell lysis, and it is involved in lymphocyte signal transduction. This protein is a potent inhibitor of the complement membrane attack complex, whereby it binds complement C8 and/or C9 during the assembly of this complex, thereby inhibiting the incorporation of multiple copies of C9 into the complex, which is necessary for osmolytic pore formation. This protein also plays a role in signal transduction pathways in the activation of T cells. Mutations in this gene cause CD59 deficiency, a disease resulting in hemolytic anemia and thrombosis, and which causes cerebral infarction. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode the same protein, have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

13 in total
9 with predicted TM region
12 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Pending subcellular analysis

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Membranous and cytoplasmic expression in selected tissues.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 43 out of 80 cell types

Reliability (APE)

Medium

Antibodies in assay

CAB001448, HPA026494
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 12
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 46% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB001448, HPA026494
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB001448

HPA026494

 

A-431 Skin High

-

A-549 Lung High

-

CACO-2 Colon High

-

HEK 293 Embryonal kidney High

-

HeLa Cervix High

-

Hep-G2 Liver High

-

MCF-7 Pleural effusion High

-

PC-3 Bone marrow High

-

RT-4 Urinary bladder High

-

U-2 OS Bone High

-

U-251 MG Brain High

-

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB001448 mAb
HPA026494 pAb