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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

ACHE

Description

acetylcholinesterase

Protein class

Blood group antigen proteins, Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and brain cholinergic synapses, and thus terminates signal transmission. It is also found on the red blood cell membranes, where it constitutes the Yt blood group antigen. Acetylcholinesterase exists in multiple molecular forms which possess similar catalytic properties, but differ in their oligomeric assembly and mode of cell attachment to the cell surface. It is encoded by the single ACHE gene, and the structural diversity in the gene products arises from alternative mRNA splicing, and post-translational associations of catalytic and structural subunits. The major form of acetylcholinesterase found in brain, muscle and other tissues is the hydrophilic species, which forms disulfide-linked oligomers with collagenous, or lipid-containing structural subunits. The other, alternatively spliced form, expressed primarily in the erythroid tissues, differs at the C-terminal end, and contains a cleavable hydrophobic peptide with a GPI-anchor site. It associates with the membranes through the phosphoinositide (PI) moieties added post-translationally. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

13 in total
2 with predicted TM region
12 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Vesicles

Additional location(s)

Plasma membrane 

Staining summary

Staining of vesicles in U-251 MG and U-2 OS and plasma membrane in A-431.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA019704
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Most normal tissues displayed moderate to strong membranous positivity. Purkinje cells of cerebellum were negative.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 76 out of 79 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA019704
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 11
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 13
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 96% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA019704
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Medium
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA019704

HPA019704

A-431 Skin Not detected
Strong
A-549 Lung Low
CACO-2 Colon Medium
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low
HeLa Cervix Not detected
Hep-G2 Liver Low
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Low
PC-3 Bone marrow Low
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Low
Weak
U-251 MG Brain Low
Moderate

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA019704 pAb