The normal tissue page shows antibody staining and, when available, knowledge-based annotated protein expression in 46 human tissues. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with a summary. The summary data can be based on one or more antibodies (reported by the "Antibodies in assay"-field). If the data is based on one single antibody, the IH validation score for that antibody is reported in the "Reliability (Single)"-field (color-coding described here). If the data is based on more than one antibody, the reliability score for the data is reported as "Reliability (APE)" (color-coding described here).
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically.
For each tissue and cell type, the antibody staining is given with the yellow-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right). Each available antibody is listed in a separate column and the antibody identifier is available at the bottom of the tissue list. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name.
When available, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression (APE) is given to the right of the antibody staining values. The level of expression is given by a blue-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right).
At the very bottom of this page, a summary of the staining from each antibody is given, together with a representative image and the immunohistochemistry validation score for the antibody.
Immunohistochemical staining of human kidney shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in cells of tubules.
Immunohistochemical staining of human kidney shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in subset of tubules.
Immunohistochemical staining of human kidney shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in cells in tubules.
Summary
Most of the normal tissues displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity. Additional membranous staining was observed in respiratory epithelia, uterine glands, fallopian tubes, epididymis and urothelium. Renal tubules, Purkinje cells and cardiac myocytes were strongly stained. The liver, pancreas, ovary and lymphoid tissues were mainly negative.
Parietal cells of stomach, subset of renal tubules, smooth muscle cells, subset of exocrine glandular cells in pancreas and endothelial cells displayed strong cytoplasmic positivity. Placental trophoblasts, thyroid gland, heart myocytes and myoepithelial cells in breast were moderately stained. Remaining normal cells were weakly stained or negative.
Most normal tissues displayed moderate cytoplasmic positivity, often seen with a granular pattern. Gastrointestinal glands, renal tubules and heart myocytes were strongly stained. Respiratory epithelia and fallopian tube showed additional strong membranous positivity. Adipocytes were weakly stained or negative.
Validation
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
The multi-targeting antibody yielding a staining pattern partly consistent with characterization data for at least one of the genes whereas any of the other genes has no available gene/protein characterization data or is contradicted by gene/protein chara
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar or partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with or contradicted by limited gene/protein characterization data
