The normal tissue page shows antibody staining and, when available, knowledge-based annotated protein expression in 46 human tissues. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with a summary. The summary data can be based on one or more antibodies (reported by the "Antibodies in assay"-field). If the data is based on one single antibody, the IH validation score for that antibody is reported in the "Reliability (Single)"-field (color-coding described here). If the data is based on more than one antibody, the reliability score for the data is reported as "Reliability (APE)" (color-coding described here).
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically.
For each tissue and cell type, the antibody staining is given with the yellow-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right). Each available antibody is listed in a separate column and the antibody identifier is available at the bottom of the tissue list. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name.
When available, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression (APE) is given to the right of the antibody staining values. The level of expression is given by a blue-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right).
At the very bottom of this page, a summary of the staining from each antibody is given, together with a representative image and the immunohistochemistry validation score for the antibody.
Immunohistochemical staining of human small intestine shows moderate cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity in glandular cells.
Immunohistochemical staining of human cerebral cortex shows strong cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity in neuronal cells.
Immunohistochemical staining of human kidney shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in cells in tubules.
Summary
Moderate to strong cytoplasmic and nuclear staining were observed in renal tubules, intestine, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands.
Remaining normal tissues were in general weakly stained or negative.
Moderate cytoplasmic staining that in cases was combined with nuclear positivity was observed in hepatocytes, renal tubules, parathyroid and adrenal glands. Subsets of neurons in cerebral cortex were strongly stained. Moderate to strong cytoplasmic and occasional nuclear immunoreactivity was displayed in hepatocellular carcinomas. Remaining normal tissues were generally negative.
Most normal tissues showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic, often granular, positivity. Alveolar cells, bile ducts, pancreatic islets, renal glomeruli, spleen and most cells in the CNS were weakly stained or negative.
Validation
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
