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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

CHGA

Description

chromogranin A (parathyroid secretory protein 1)

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Plasma proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the chromogranin/secretogranin family of neuroendocrine secretory proteins. It is found in secretory vesicles of neurons and endocrine cells. This gene product is a precursor to three biologically active peptides; vasostatin, pancreastatin, and parastatin. These peptides act as autocrine or paracrine negative modulators of the neuroendocrine system. Other peptides, including chromostatin, beta-granin, WE-14 and GE-25, are also derived from the full-length protein. However, biological activities for these molecules have not been shown. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

4 in total
0 with predicted TM region
4 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus but not nucleoli, Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Reliability (APE)

Low

Antibodies in assay

HPA017369, CAB040544
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Selective cytoplasmic expression in endocrine cells in gastrointestinal tract, pancreatic islets and parathyroid gland.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 9 out of 82 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA017369, CAB040544, CAB055506
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 7% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA017369, CAB040544, CAB055506
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Low
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA017369

CAB040544

CAB055506

HPA017369

CAB040544

A-431 Skin Not detected
ModerateWeak
A-549 Lung Low
CACO-2 Colon Not detected
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low
HeLa Cervix Not detected
Hep-G2 Liver Not detected
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Not detected
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Low
ModerateWeak
U-251 MG Brain Not detected
Weak

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA017369 pAb
CAB040544 mAb
CAB055506 mAb