Fields »

GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

? »

Gene name

SPAM1

Description

sperm adhesion molecule 1 (PH-20 hyaluronidase, zona pellucida binding)

Protein class

Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

Hyaluronidase degrades hyaluronic acid, a major structural proteoglycan found in extracellular matrices and basement membranes. Six members of the hyaluronidase family are clustered into two tightly linked groups on chromosome 3p21.3 and 7q31.3. This gene was previously referred to as HYAL1 and HYA1 and has since been assigned the official symbol SPAM1; another family member on chromosome 3p21.3 has been assigned HYAL1. This gene encodes a GPI-anchored enzyme located on the human sperm surface and inner acrosomal membrane. This multifunctional protein is a hyaluronidase that enables sperm to penetrate through the hyaluronic acid-rich cumulus cell layer surrounding the oocyte, a receptor that plays a role in hyaluronic acid induced cell signaling, and a receptor that is involved in sperm-zona pellucida adhesion. Abnormal expression of this gene in tumors has implicated this protein in degradation of basement membranes leading to tumor invasion and metastasis. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

6 in total
4 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

? »

Show image »

Main location(s)

Nucleus, Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

Nucleoli 

Staining summary

Staining of cytoplasm and nucleus in all three cell lines. Additional staining of nucleoli in U-251 MG.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA017984
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

? »

Show image »

Staining summary

Spermatids in testis showed distinct staining. Luminal membranes in the small intestine and the cytoplasm of basal cells in squamous epithelia showed moderate immunoreactivity. Remaining normal tissues were generally negative.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 7 out of 81 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA017984
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 13
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

? »

Staining summary

Antibody staining in 1% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA017984
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

? »

RNA evidence

Not detected
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

 

HPA017984

A-431 Skin Not detected

-

Moderate
A-549 Lung Not detected

-

CACO-2 Colon Not detected

-

HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Not detected

-

HeLa Cervix Not detected

-

Hep-G2 Liver Not detected

-

MCF-7 Pleural effusion Not detected

-

PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected

-

RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected

-

U-2 OS Bone Not detected

-

Strong
U-251 MG Brain Not detected

-

Moderate

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

? »

Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA017984 pAb