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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

HMGCR

Description

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase

Protein class

Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins, Transporters

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme for cholesterol synthesis and is regulated via a negative feedback mechanism mediated by sterols and non-sterol metabolites derived from mevalonate, the product of the reaction catalyzed by reductase. Normally in mammalian cells this enzyme is suppressed by cholesterol derived from the internalization and degradation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) via the LDL receptor. Competitive inhibitors of the reductase induce the expression of LDL receptors in the liver, which in turn increases the catabolism of plasma LDL and lowers the plasma concentration of cholesterol, an important determinant of atherosclerosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

7 in total
4 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Staining of nucleus in U-251 MG and A-431 with additional staining of cytoplasm in U-251 MG. Staining of of mitochondria in U-2 OS.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA008338
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Ubiquitous cytoplasmic expression.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 81 out of 81 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA008338, CAB016797
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 12
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 72% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA008338, CAB016797
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA008338

HPA008338

A-431 Skin High
Weak
A-549 Lung High
CACO-2 Colon High
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney High
HeLa Cervix High
Hep-G2 Liver High
MCF-7 Pleural effusion High
PC-3 Bone marrow Medium
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone Medium
Weak
U-251 MG Brain High
Weak

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA008338 pAb
CAB016797 pAb