The normal tissue page shows antibody staining and, when available, knowledge-based annotated protein expression in 46 human tissues. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with a summary. The summary data can be based on one or more antibodies (reported by the "Antibodies in assay"-field). If the data is based on one single antibody, the IH validation score for that antibody is reported in the "Reliability (Single)"-field (color-coding described here). If the data is based on more than one antibody, the reliability score for the data is reported as "Reliability (APE)" (color-coding described here).
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically.
For each tissue and cell type, the antibody staining is given with the yellow-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right). Each available antibody is listed in a separate column and the antibody identifier is available at the bottom of the tissue list. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name.
When available, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression (APE) is given to the right of the antibody staining values. The level of expression is given by a blue-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right).
At the very bottom of this page, a summary of the staining from each antibody is given, together with a representative image and the immunohistochemistry validation score for the antibody.
Immunohistochemical staining of human stomach shows strong membranous and cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells.
Immunohistochemical staining of human bronchus shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in respiratory epithelial cells.
Immunohistochemical staining of human colon shows moderate membranous positivity in glandular cells.
Summary
Most of the normal tissues displayed moderate cytoplasmic and/or membranous positivity. Strong membranous staining was seen in stomach, gall bladder, islet cells and urothelial cells. Ciliated cells in respiratory epithelia and fallopian tubes were distinctly stained. Squamous epithelia demonstrated positivity mainly in the basal layer. Hepatocytes and skeletal muscles were negative.
Most normal tissues showed moderate cytoplasmic staining. Renal tubules, bone marrow poietic cells and a few epithelia were strongly stained.
Nasopharynx, gastrointestinal tract, exocrine pancreas, kidney, urinary bladder, epididymis, seminal vesicle, adrenal gland, liver and peripheral nerves showed moderate membranous and occasional cytoplasmic positivity. Salivary gland, renal tubules and gall bladder exhibited strong immunoreactivity. Remaining normal tissues were weakly stained or negative.
Validation
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar staining patterns which are consistent with available gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar staining patterns which are consistent with available gene/protein characterization data
The multi-targeting antibody yielding a staining pattern consistent with gene/protein characterization data for all of the genes
