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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

GRIA2

Description

glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2

Protein class

Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins, Transporters

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to a family of glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA), and function as ligand-activated cation channels. These channels are assembled from 4 related subunits, GRIA1-4. The subunit encoded by this gene (GRIA2) is subject to RNA editing (CAG->CGG; Q->R) within the second transmembrane domain, which is thought to render the channel impermeable to Ca(2+). Human and animal studies suggest that pre-mRNA editing is essential for brain function, and defective GRIA2 RNA editing at the Q/R site may be relevant to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology. Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, (including the flip and flop isoforms that vary in their signal transduction properties), has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

12 in total
7 with predicted TM region
4 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus but not nucleoli, Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Localized to nucleus and cytoplasm.

Reliability (APE)

Low

Antibodies in assay

CAB007812, HPA008441, CAB012981
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Selective expression in neuronal cells.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 5 out of 81 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

CAB006830, CAB007812, HPA008441, CAB012981
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 1
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 37% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB006830, CAB007812, HPA008441, CAB012981
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Low
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB007812

HPA008441

CAB012981

CAB007812

HPA008441

CAB012981

A-431 Skin Not detected
NegativeNegativeWeak
A-549 Lung Not detected
CACO-2 Colon Not detected

-

HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low
HeLa Cervix Not detected
Hep-G2 Liver Not detected
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Not detected
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Low
NegativeWeakWeak
U-251 MG Brain Not detected
NegativeNegativeNegative

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB006830 mAb
CAB007812 pAb
HPA008441 pAb
CAB012981 mAb