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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

APAF1

Description

apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins

Protein evidence

Medium

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that initiates apoptosis. This protein contains several copies of the WD-40 domain, a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), and an ATPase domain (NB-ARC). Upon binding cytochrome c and dATP, this protein forms an oligomeric apoptosome. The apoptosome binds and cleaves caspase 9 preproprotein, releasing its mature, activated form. Activated caspase 9 stimulates the subsequent caspase cascade that commits the cell to apoptosis. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

10 in total
0 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus but not nucleoli, Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

Golgi apparatus 

Staining summary

Staining of nucleus and cytoplasm in all three cell lines. Additional staining of the Golgi apparatus in A-431.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA031373
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Most normal cells showed moderate to strong cytoplasmic staining. Neuronal cells and lymphoid cells outside reaction centra were generally negative.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 70 out of 80 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA031373
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 12
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 81% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA031373
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Medium
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA031373

HPA031373

A-431 Skin Medium
Strong
A-549 Lung Medium
CACO-2 Colon Medium
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Medium
HeLa Cervix Medium
Hep-G2 Liver Medium
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Low
PC-3 Bone marrow Medium
RT-4 Urinary bladder Medium
U-2 OS Bone Medium
Strong
U-251 MG Brain Low
Strong

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA031373 pAb