Fields »

GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

? »

Gene name

PLAU

Description

plasminogen activator, urokinase

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Peptidases, Plasma proteins, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a serine protease involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix and possibly tumor cell migration and proliferation. A specific polymorphism in this gene may be associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease and also with decreased affinity for fibrin-binding. This protein converts plasminogen to plasmin by specific cleavage of an Arg-Val bond in plasminogen. Plasmin in turn cleaves this protein at a Lys-Ile bond to form a two-chain derivative in which a single disulfide bond connects the amino-terminal A-chain to the catalytically active, carboxy-terminal B-chain. This two-chain derivative is also called HMW-uPA (high molecular weight uPA). HMW-uPA can be further processed into LMW-uPA (low molecular weight uPA) by cleavage of chain A into a short chain A (A1) and an amino-terminal fragment. LMW-uPA is proteolytically active but does not bind to the uPA receptor. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2009]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

5 in total
0 with predicted TM region
4 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

? »

Show image »

Main location(s)

Plasma membrane, Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Granular staining of cytoplasm and plasma membrane in all three cell lines.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA008719
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

? »

Show image »

Staining summary

Goblet cells in the intestine showed distinct positivity in mucus. Colon and rectum displayed an additional moderate membranous staining while exocrine pancreas displayed moderate granular immunoreactivity. All other normal tissues were weakly stained or negative.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 36 out of 73 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA008719
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 12
Respiratory (lung) 3
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 11
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 9
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

? »

Staining summary

Antibody staining in 62% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA008719
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

? »

RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA008719

HPA008719

A-431 Skin High
Moderate
A-549 Lung High
CACO-2 Colon Low
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Not detected
HeLa Cervix Low
Hep-G2 Liver Low
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Low
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone Medium
Weak
U-251 MG Brain High
Weak

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

? »

Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA008719 pAb