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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

TOP2A

Description

topoisomerase (DNA) II alpha 170kDa

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, alpha, is localized to chromosome 17 and the beta gene is localized to chromosome 3. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

3 in total
0 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Localized to the nucleus in a fraction of the cells.

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

CAB002448, HPA006458, HPA026773
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Nuclear expression mainly observed in proliferative cells.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 41 out of 82 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

CAB002448, HPA006458, HPA026773
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 96% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB002448, HPA006458, HPA026773
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB002448

HPA006458

HPA026773

CAB002448

HPA006458

HPA026773

A-431 Skin High
ModerateStrongWeak
A-549 Lung High
CACO-2 Colon High
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney High
HeLa Cervix High
Hep-G2 Liver High
MCF-7 Pleural effusion High
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone High
ModerateStrongStrong
U-251 MG Brain High
WeakModerateWeak

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB002448 mAb
HPA006458 pAb
HPA026773 pAb