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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

GSTM3

Description

glutathione S-transferase mu 3 (brain)

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Plasma proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual's susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. Mutations of this class mu gene have been linked with a slight increase in a number of cancers, likely due to exposure with environmental toxins. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

3 in total
0 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Localized to the cytoplasm.

Reliability (APE)

Medium

Antibodies in assay

CAB017130, CAB040583
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Selective cytoplasmic expression in testis, epididymis, seminal vesicles and subsets of renal tubules.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 14 out of 81 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

CAB017130, HPA035190, CAB040583
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 12
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 22% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB017130, HPA035190, CAB040583
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB017130

HPA035190

CAB040583

CAB017130

CAB040583

A-431 Skin Not detected
NegativeModerate
A-549 Lung Low
CACO-2 Colon Medium
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Medium
HeLa Cervix High
Hep-G2 Liver High
MCF-7 Pleural effusion High
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone Medium
NegativeStrong
U-251 MG Brain Medium
NegativeStrong

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB017130 msAb
HPA035190 pAb
CAB040583 mAb