The normal tissue page shows antibody staining and, when available, knowledge-based annotated protein expression in 46 human tissues. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with a summary. The summary data can be based on one or more antibodies (reported by the "Antibodies in assay"-field). If the data is based on one single antibody, the IH validation score for that antibody is reported in the "Reliability (Single)"-field (color-coding described here). If the data is based on more than one antibody, the reliability score for the data is reported as "Reliability (APE)" (color-coding described here).
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically.
For each tissue and cell type, the antibody staining is given with the yellow-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right). Each available antibody is listed in a separate column and the antibody identifier is available at the bottom of the tissue list. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name.
When available, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression (APE) is given to the right of the antibody staining values. The level of expression is given by a blue-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right).
At the very bottom of this page, a summary of the staining from each antibody is given, together with a representative image and the immunohistochemistry validation score for the antibody.
Immunohistochemical staining of human tonsil shows positivity in the germinal centre.
Immunohistochemical staining of human tonsil shows positivity in the germinal centre.
Immunohistochemical staining of human tonsil shows positivity in the germinal centre.
Immunohistochemical staining of human tonsil shows positivity in the germinal centre.
Immunohistochemical staining of human lymph node shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in non-germinal center cells.
Summary
Moderate to strong cytoplasmic positivity was observed in hepatocytes, gall bladder, islets of pancreas, endocrine glands, tubuli in kidney, placenta and glial cells in CNS. Remaining normal cells were weakly stained or negative.
Most normal tissues displayed weak to moderate cell membranous staining. Strong membranous positivity was observed in lung tissue whereas lymphoid tissues exhibited strong cytoplasmic staining. Glandular cells of gastrointestinal tract, liver, squamous epithelia and myocytes were negative.
Moderate membranous and cytoplasmic positivity was observed in cells in lung, salivary glands, breast, kidney, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues. Remaining tissues were in general weakly stained or negative.
Most normal tissues displayed moderate cytoplasmic and membranous positivity. The gastrointestinal tract showed distinct staining in the luminal membranes. Ovarian follicles, intestine, pneumocytes and a subset of lymphoid cells in the germinal center of lymph nodes showed strong positivity. Most cells in CNS were weakly stained or negative.
Normal tissues displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic staining with additional membranous positivity in breast, renal tubules, fallopian tube, salivary gland and glandular cells of uterus. Hematopoietic cells, renal tubules, glandular cells of uterus and non-germinal center cells of lymphoid tissue were strongly stained. Bronchus, glial cells, placenta, prostate, rectum, seminal vesicle and skeletal muscle were negative.
Validation
The multi-targeting antibody yielding a staining pattern consistent with gene/protein characterization data for all of the genes
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
