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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

AK4

Description

adenylate kinase 4

Protein class

Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a member of the adenylate kinase family of enzymes. The encoded protein is localized to the mitochondrial matrix. Adenylate kinases regulate the adenine and guanine nucleotide compositions within a cell by catalyzing the reversible transfer of phosphate group among these nucleotides. Five isozymes of adenylate kinase have been identified in vertebrates. Expression of these isozymes is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. A pseudogene for this gene has been located on chromosome 17. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been identified for this gene. Sequence alignment suggests that the gene defined by NM_013410, NM_203464, and NM_001005353 is located on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

4 in total
0 with predicted TM region
3 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Mitochondria

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Staining of mitochondria in Hep-G2 and A-431.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA049461
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Granular cytoplasmic expression in several tissues of varying intensity.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 42 out of 83 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA042753, HPA049461
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 15
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 47% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA042753, HPA049461
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA042753

HPA049461

HPA049461

A-431 Skin High
Weak
A-549 Lung Low
CACO-2 Colon High
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Medium
HeLa Cervix Medium
Hep-G2 Liver High
Weak
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Medium
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder Low
U-2 OS Bone High
Negative
U-251 MG Brain Medium

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA042753 pAb
HPA049461 pAb