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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

RET

Description

ret proto-oncogene

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Enzymes, Kinases, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Mutated genes in cancer, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

Medium

Entrez gene summary

This gene, a member of the cadherin superfamily, encodes one of the receptor tyrosine kinases, which are cell-surface molecules that transduce signals for cell growth and differentiation. This gene plays a crucial role in neural crest development, and it can undergo oncogenic activation in vivo and in vitro by cytogenetic rearrangement. Mutations in this gene are associated with the disorders multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIA, multiple endocrine neoplasia, type IIB, Hirschsprung disease, and medullary thyroid carcinoma. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. Additional transcript variants have been described but their biological validity has not been confirmed. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

3 in total
3 with predicted TM region
3 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Cytoplasm, Golgi apparatus

Additional location(s)

Plasma membrane 

Staining summary

Staining of cytoplasm and Golgi apparatus in all three cell lines with additional staining of plasma membrane in A-431.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA008356
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Cytoplasmic expression at variable levels in most tissues.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 74 out of 82 cell types

Reliability (APE)

Low

Antibodies in assay

CAB002581, HPA008356, CAB018342
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 79% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB002581, HPA008356, CAB018342
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB002581

HPA008356

CAB018342

HPA008356

A-431 Skin Not detected
Strong
A-549 Lung Low
CACO-2 Colon Not detected
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low
HeLa Cervix Not detected
Hep-G2 Liver Not detected
MCF-7 Pleural effusion High
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Low
Weak
U-251 MG Brain Not detected
Moderate

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB002581 mAb
HPA008356 pAb
CAB018342 msAb