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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

TK2

Description

thymidine kinase 2, mitochondrial

Protein class

Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins

Protein evidence

Medium

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes a deoxyribonucleoside kinase that specifically phosphorylates thymidine, deoxycytidine, and deoxyuridine. The encoded enzyme localizes to the mitochondria and is required for mitochondrial DNA synthesis. Mutations in this gene are associated with a myopathic form of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2010]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

15 in total
0 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

Nuclear membrane, Plasma membrane 

Staining summary

Staining of cytoplasm and nuclear membrane in U-251 MG and cytoplasm and plasma membrane in U-2 OS.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA041162
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Most normal tissues showed weak to moderate cytoplasmic positivity withe a granular pattern. The small intestine, renal tubules, adrenal cortex and alveolar macrophages displayed strong staining. Lymphoid cells, glial cells, bile duct cells, renal glomeruli, squamous epithelium were negative.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 54 out of 79 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA041162
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 12
Respiratory (lung) 3
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 1
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 52% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA041162
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Medium
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

 

HPA041162

A-431 Skin Medium

-

A-549 Lung Medium

-

CACO-2 Colon Medium

-

HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low

-

HeLa Cervix Medium

-

Hep-G2 Liver Medium

-

MCF-7 Pleural effusion Low

-

PC-3 Bone marrow Medium

-

RT-4 Urinary bladder Medium

-

U-2 OS Bone Medium

-

Weak
U-251 MG Brain Low

-

Moderate

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA041162 pAb