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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

ACER1

Description

alkaline ceramidase 1

Protein class

Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potential transmembrane proteins

Protein evidence

Low

Entrez gene summary

Ceramides are synthesized during epidermal differentiation and accumulate within the interstices of the stratum corneum, where they represent critical components of the epidermal permeability barrier. Excess cellular ceramide can trigger antimitogenic signals and induce apoptosis, and the ceramide metabolites sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are important bioregulatory molecules. Ceramide hydrolysis in the nucleated cell layers regulates keratinocyte proliferation and apoptosis in response to external stress. Ceramide hydrolysis also occurs at the stratum corneum, releasing free sphingoid base that functions as an endogenous antimicrobial agent. ACER1 is highly expressed in epidermis and catalyzes the hydrolysis of very long chain ceramides to generate sphingosine (Houben et al., 2006 [PubMed 16477081]; Sun et al., 2008 [PubMed 17713573]).[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2010]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

1 in total
1 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Cytoplasm

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Granular staining of the cytoplasm in A-431 and U-2 OS.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA042506
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Normal tissues exhibited moderate cytoplasmic and membranous positivity. Airway epithelia, urinary bladder and placental trophoblasts showed strong positivity. Hepatocytes, lymphoid tissue and glial cells were weakly stained or negative.

Tissue specificity

Staining in 71 out of 82 cell types

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA042506
 

Organ

No of cell types

Antibody staining

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 96% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA042506
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Normal tissue
staining

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Low
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA042506

HPA042506

A-431 Skin Not detected
Moderate
A-549 Lung Not detected
CACO-2 Colon Not detected
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Not detected
HeLa Cervix Not detected
Hep-G2 Liver Not detected
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Low
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Not detected
Moderate
U-251 MG Brain Not detected

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA042506 pAb