The normal tissue page shows antibody staining and, when available, knowledge-based annotated protein expression in 46 human tissues. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with a summary. The summary data can be based on one or more antibodies (reported by the "Antibodies in assay"-field). If the data is based on one single antibody, the IH validation score for that antibody is reported in the "Reliability (Single)"-field (color-coding described here). If the data is based on more than one antibody, the reliability score for the data is reported as "Reliability (APE)" (color-coding described here).
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically.
For each tissue and cell type, the antibody staining is given with the yellow-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right). Each available antibody is listed in a separate column and the antibody identifier is available at the bottom of the tissue list. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name.
When available, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression (APE) is given to the right of the antibody staining values. The level of expression is given by a blue-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right).
At the very bottom of this page, a summary of the staining from each antibody is given, together with a representative image and the immunohistochemistry validation score for the antibody.
Immunohistochemical staining of human skin shows distinct positivity in keratinocytes.
Immunohistochemical staining of human skin shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in keratinocytes.
Immunohistochemical staining of human rectum shows strong cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells.
Summary
Distinct cytoplasmic/membranous staining of all epithelial cells except hepatocytes. Distal tubuli in kidney were positively stained whereas proximal tubuli were negative. No positivity in testes, lymphoid tissue, spleen, bone marrow or ovary. In the parathyreoid gland clear cells had a membraneous positivity whereas chief cells were negative. No positivity in endothelium, fibroblasts or neuronal cells.
Strong and distinct cytoplasmic/membranous staining in glandular cells of the gastrointestinal tract, urinary bladder and squamous epithelium was displayed. Distinct positivity of basal cells in the prostate epithelium and seminal vesicles was observed. Remaining normal cells were generally negative.
Moderate or strong membranous and often also cytoplasmic staining was observed in most epithelial tissues. Lymphoid tissues and cells of the CNS were in general negative.
Validation
The multi-targeting antibody yielding a staining pattern consistent with gene/protein characterization data for at least one of the genes whereas any of the other genes has no available gene/protein characterization data or is contradicted by gene/protein
The multi-targeting antibody yielding a staining pattern consistent with gene/protein characterization data for at least one of the genes whereas any of the other genes has no available gene/protein characterization data or is contradicted by gene/protein
One antibody yielding a staining pattern which is consistent with gene/protein characterization data
