The normal tissue page shows antibody staining and, when available, knowledge-based annotated protein expression in 46 human tissues. The assay and annotation is described here.
This page starts with a summary. The summary data can be based on one or more antibodies (reported by the "Antibodies in assay"-field). If the data is based on one single antibody, the IH validation score for that antibody is reported in the "Reliability (Single)"-field (color-coding described here). If the data is based on more than one antibody, the reliability score for the data is reported as "Reliability (APE)" (color-coding described here).
The tissues and cell types can be ordered by organ, cell type or alphabetically.
For each tissue and cell type, the antibody staining is given with the yellow-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right). Each available antibody is listed in a separate column and the antibody identifier is available at the bottom of the tissue list. The images and annotations can be accessed by clicking on the tissue name.
When available, a knowledge-based annotated protein expression (APE) is given to the right of the antibody staining values. The level of expression is given by a blue-scale color-coding (described by the scale in the box to the right).
At the very bottom of this page, a summary of the staining from each antibody is given, together with a representative image and the immunohistochemistry validation score for the antibody.
Immunohistochemical staining of human spleen shows cytoplasmic positivity in cells of red pulp and white pulp.
Immunohistochemical staining of human pancreas shows distinct membranous and cytoplasmic positivity in islet cells.
Immunohistochemical staining of human kidney shows strong membranous positivity in cells of tubules.
Summary
Moderate cytoplasmic and membranous positivity was observed in lymphoid cells outside reaction centra, testis, trophoblastic cells and cilia in epididymis. Remaining normal tissues were generally weakly stained or negative.
Most normal cells displayed weak to moderate cytoplasmic immunoreactivity often combined with membranous positivity. Islets of Langerhans, the parathyroid gland, seminferus duct cells and trophoblasts displayed strong positivity. Most cells in the gastrointestinal tract, squamous epithelium and the CNS were negative.
The majority of normal tissues displayed moderate to strong cytoplasmic positivity. Membranous staining was observed in a few cases. Gastrointestinal tract, glial cells, urothelia, squamous and respiratory epithelia were weakly stained or negative.
Validation
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
Two (or more) antibodies yielding partly similar staining patterns which are partly consistent with gene/protein characterization data or consistent with limited gene/protein characterization data
