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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

PGC

Description

progastricsin (pepsinogen C)

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Peptidases, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

This gene encodes an aspartic proteinase that belongs to the peptidase family A1. The encoded protein is a digestive enzyme that is produced in the stomach and constitutes a major component of the gastric mucosa. This protein is also secreted into the serum. This protein is synthesized as an inactive zymogen that includes a highly basic prosegment. This enzyme is converted into its active mature form at low pH by sequential cleavage of the prosegment that is carried out by the enzyme itself. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with susceptibility to gastric cancers. Serum levels of this enzyme are used as a biomarker for certain gastric diseases including Helicobacter pylori related gastritis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 1. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

4 in total
0 with predicted TM region
3 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus

Additional location(s)

Nucleoli 

Staining summary

Mainly localized to the nucleus but also to the nucleolus.

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA031717, HPA031718
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Distinct cytoplasmic expression in gastric glands.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 3 out of 79 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA031717, HPA031718
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 12
Placenta 1
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 13
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 29% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA031717, HPA031718
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA031718

HPA031717

HPA031718

A-431 Skin Not detected
WeakWeak
A-549 Lung Not detected
CACO-2 Colon Medium
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Not detected
HeLa Cervix Not detected
Hep-G2 Liver High
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Not detected
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Not detected
Strong
U-251 MG Brain Not detected
WeakStrong

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA031717 pAb
HPA031718 pAb