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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

CCL2

Description

chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Plasma proteins, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

This gene is one of several cytokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Cytokines are a family of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The protein encoded by this gene is structurally related to the CXC subfamily of cytokines. Members of this subfamily are characterized by two cysteines separated by a single amino acid. This cytokine displays chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not for neutrophils or eosinophils. It has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by monocytic infiltrates, like psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR4. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

2 in total
0 with predicted TM region
2 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Golgi apparatus, Vesicles

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Staining of Golgi and vesicles in all three cell lines.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

HPA019163
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Extracellular deposits and cytoplasmic expression in most tissues.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 66 out of 83 cell types

Reliability (APE)

Low

Antibodies in assay

CAB013676, HPA019163
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 15
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 73% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB013676, HPA019163
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

Medium
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB013676

HPA019163

HPA019163

A-431 Skin Not detected
Weak
A-549 Lung Medium
CACO-2 Colon Medium
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low
HeLa Cervix Medium
Hep-G2 Liver Not detected
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Not detected
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Not detected
U-2 OS Bone Low
Weak
U-251 MG Brain Not detected
Weak

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB013676 msAb
HPA019163 pAb