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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

A2M

Description

alpha-2-macroglobulin

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Candidate cardiovascular disease genes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Plasma proteins, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

Alpha-2-macroglobulin is a protease inhibitor and cytokine transporter. It inhibits many proteases, including trypsin, thrombin and collagenase. A2M is implicated in Alzheimer disease (AD) due to its ability to mediate the clearance and degradation of A-beta, the major component of beta-amyloid deposits. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

5 in total
0 with predicted TM region
3 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

No staining was observed in three cell lines.

Reliability (Single)

Antibodies in assay

CAB017621
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Extra cellular positivity, mainly in plasma.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 8 out of 78 cell types

Reliability (APE)

Medium

Antibodies in assay

HPA002265, CAB017621
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 12
Placenta 1
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 12
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 24% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA002265, CAB017621
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA002265

CAB017621

CAB017621

A-431 Skin Low
Negative
A-549 Lung Not detected
CACO-2 Colon Not detected
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Low
HeLa Cervix Medium
Hep-G2 Liver High
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Not detected
PC-3 Bone marrow Not detected
RT-4 Urinary bladder Low
U-2 OS Bone Medium
Negative
U-251 MG Brain Low
Negative

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA002265 pAb
CAB017621 mAb