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GGH
HPA
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Brain region
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Brain region
Category
Tau score
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Interacting gene (ensg_id)
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ipTM
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  • SUMMARY

  • TISSUE

  • BRAIN

  • SINGLE CELL

  • SUBCELL

  • CANCER

  • BLOOD

  • CELL LINE

  • STRUCTURE

  • INTERACTION

  • GGH
INTERACTION INTERACTION METABOLIC PATHWAYS Show tissue menu
FOLATE METABOLISM GLYCINE, SERINE AND THREONINE METABOLISM
Protein interactions
Protein interactions
Methods
Human metabolism
Metabolic proteins
Methods
GENERAL INFORMATIONi

General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.

Gene namei

Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.

GGH
Synonyms GATD10
Gene descriptioni

Full gene name according to HGNC.

Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase
Protein classi

Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).

Read more
Enzymes
Metabolic proteins
Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi

All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.

  • Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
  • Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).

The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.

Intracellular
Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes)

HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS INFORMATIONi

Summary of RNA expression analysis and annotation data generated within the Human Protein Atlas project.

Single cell type
expression clusteri

The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.

Cytotrophoblasts - Basic cellular functions (mainly)
Single cell type specificityi

The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.

Cell type enhanced (Cytotrophoblasts, Differentiating spermatogonia, Early spermatids, Extravillous trophoblasts, Hepatocytes, Late primary spermatocytes, Late spermatids, Migrating cytotrophoblasts, Oocytes, Syncytiotrophoblasts)
Tissue expression
cluster (RNA)i

The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across tissues. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.

Liver & Kidney - Metabolism (mainly)
Tissue specificity (RNA)i

The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the consensus dataset which is calculated from the RNA expression levels in samples from HPA and GTEX. The categories include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, low tissue specificity and not detected.

Tissue enhanced (Kidney, Liver)
Subcellular locationi

Main subcellular location based on data generated in the subcellular section of the Human Protein Atlas.

Localized to the Vesicles In addition localized to the Endoplasmic reticulum
Secretome annotationi

All genes with at least one predicted secreted isoform have been annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are:

  • secreted into blood
  • locally secreted
  • or actually being attached to membrane or retained in intracellular locations like mitochondria, endoplasmatic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus or lysosomes.
Not available
GENE INFORMATIONi

Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.

Chromosome 8
Cytoband q12.3
Chromosome location (bp) 63014881 - 63039407
Number of transcriptsi

Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.

4
Ensembl ENSG00000137563 (version 109)
Entrez gene 8836
HGNC HGNC:4248
UniProt Q92820
GeneCards GGH
ASSAYSi

Links to data of the different assays available in the Structure & Interaction resource of the Human Protein Atlas. Click on the miniature images to directly get to the respective section.

Interaction Metabolic
INTERACTIONi

In the Interaction part of this page network plots showing the gene's first-level interaction partners according to four different datasets are displayed, including a consensus network plot showing only interactions present in at least two of the datasets. By clicking on nodes the network can be expanded. In the network plots the nodes represent genes and edge color represent the number of datasets the interaction belongs to. In-house generated AlphaFold 3 predicted 3D structures for interactions in the consensus network are displayed by clicking on the blue symbols on the edges.

The highlight bar in the top of the plot can be used to color the nodes according to subcellular location (based on data in the Subcellular section), predicted location (based on signalpeptide and transmembrane region predictions), tissue specificity (based on RNA tissue expression profiles) or proteinclass. For genes categorised as single cell type or group specific the option to highlight interaction partners expressed in the same cell type will also be available in the highlight bar.

Custom highlighting of nodes is possible using the top left Filter option in which a query of choice can be built to for example label all nodes that are tissue enriched in both human and mouse brain or those that belongs to a certain tissue expression cluster. The expression cluster for the gene is stated in the box Human Protein Atlas Information above the network plot. Click on Filter in the top left in the plot to find the query builder and some example queries.

Interactions included are direct interaction and physical associations with high and medium confidence from IntAct, physical multivalidated interactions from BioGRID, interactions with>75% probability from BioPlex and significant physical interactions from OpenCell.

Filter menu »
Fields »
e.g. Brain enriched, Localized to mitochondria, Liver & Kidney - Metabolism

Field
Term
Gene name
Class
Subclass
Category
Keyword
Chromosome
External id
Tissue
Cell type
Expression
Antibody panel
Tissue
Main location
Patient ID
Annotation
Tissue
Category
Tau score
Cluster
Reliability
Brain region
Category
Tau score
Brain region
Category
Tau score
Brain region
Category
Tau score
Cluster
Reliability
Tissue
Cell type
Enrichment
Cell type
Category
Tau score
Cell type group
Category
Tau score
Cell type
Category
Tau score
Cell type
Category
Tau score
Cell lineage
Category
Tau score
Cluster
Cluster
Location
Searches
Location
Cell line
Class
Type
Phase
Reliability
Cancer
Prognosis
Cancer
Category
Cancer
Category
Tau score
Cluster
Variants
Interacting gene (ensg_id)
Type
Number of interactions
Pathway
ipTM
Category
Category
Category
Category
Validation
Validation
Validation
Validation
Antibodies
Data type
Column


Consensus
IntAct
BioGrid
OpenCell
BioPlex
Highlight:
Off
Subcell location
Predicted location
Cell type specificity
Protein class

Non-commercial use only, subject to AlphaFold3 Output Terms of Use

Interaction:
Color scheme:
Confidence
Antibodies
Interactor
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Autorotate:
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On
PAE plot
Number of interactions: 2
Interaction# Consensus# IntAct# BioGrid# OpenCell# BioPlex
CANX130824238124
PDIA44860214
Highlight:
Off
Subcell location
Predicted location
Cell type specificity
Protein class

Number of interactions: 1 View all protein interaction data in IntAct
Interaction# Consensus# IntAct# BioGrid# OpenCell# BioPlex
SGTB496400
Highlight:
Off
Subcell location
Predicted location
Cell type specificity
Protein class

Number of interactions: 4
Interaction# Consensus# IntAct# BioGrid# OpenCell# BioPlex
CANX130824238124
LIG4343310
PDIA44860214
TMPRSS2126800
Highlight:
Off
Subcell location
Predicted location
Cell type specificity
Protein class

Number of interactions: 1
Interaction# Consensus# IntAct# BioGrid# OpenCell# BioPlex
CANX130824238124
Highlight:
Off
Subcell location
Predicted location
Cell type specificity
Protein class

Number of interactions: 106
Interaction# Consensus# IntAct# BioGrid# OpenCell# BioPlex
ADAM21020022
ADAM9356024
AGPAT12220145
ARSB00003
ARSK202122
BMP8A000011
CACHD100213
CALR7644437
CANX130824238124
CERCAM0281036
CHPF00203
CHRNA5111122
CHST14101122
CHUK131967714
CKAP492651225
CLPTM1233423
CRLF1010039
CSPG4002028
DAG11024212
DHFR012244
DIS34414024
DNAJC30019015
EDEM3009026
EHBP1L100106
EXT2224121
FHIT13202
FKBP1002314
FKBP14020022
FKBP549169315219
FOXRED2415140
FZD6010112
GALNS000022
GALNT18000027
GNPTG01109
GPX821365433
H6PD101010
HDLBP5343814
HMOX284415025
HPSE00005
HSPA137810225
HSPA538322682586
HYAL20144025
HYOU1224217
ICAM51224015
IDUA101032
IL17RA002133
LAMA5005022
LAMB1147420
LAMB2113135
LAMB3102030
LAMC13112213
LOXL2147029
LRFN3000019
LRIG2021121
LRP681417027
MAN2B1101013
MANBA000019
MBTPS1204119
MELTF010027
METRNL000033
MKLN192111225
NAGLU202126
NCAPG2312110
NOMO13110043
NOMO3112177
OLFM2020032
OXSR13413533
P3H3000126
P3H4000224
PBK4611716
PCSK9036027
PDIA44860214
PDIA5031019
PDXDC1109026
PLA2G1501007
PLPBP00104
PLXNA1108033
PLXNA3011024
PLXNB2158017
POGLUT1202123
POGLUT2000026
POMGNT2112231
POMK14722118
PRF1032027
PTPN1132777118
PXDN10116
QRICH16367118
RDH11233627
RPS6KA545709
SGSH111114
SRPRA21202114
STIM162129413
SUN271310341
THSD4000020
TIMP1235010
TMEM131005027
TMEM432139926
TMTC200005
TOMM34019022
TOR1A48739
TOR1B202127
TRIP124332418
TTC17001030
TTLL12457111
UGGT2125110
VCPIP12215123
Show allShow less
METABOLIC SUMMARYi

In this summary the pathway/subsystems to which the gene belongs is shown together with the associated cellular compartment for the reactions based on metabolite information. The number of proteins and metabolites in the pathway is shown as well as the number of reactions for the selected gene. By clicking on a pathway in the summary table the associated metabolic network map is shown, together with a gene-tissue heatmap that shows the expression of genes in that pathway in different tissues.

Gene GGH is associated with 19 reactions in 2 different subsystems, and present in the compartments: Cytosol, Extracellular, Lysosome. Provided by metabolicatlas.org
Pathway / Subsystem Subsystem-associated compartments # proteins # metabolites # reactions for
this protein
Folate metabolism Cytosol, Lysosome, Mitochondria, Extracellular 18 42 18
Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism Cytosol, Mitochondria, Peroxisome 59 92 1
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi

The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.

The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.

The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.

The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.

Splice variant SwissProt TrEMBL Protein class Length & mass Signal peptide
(predicted)
Transmembrane regions
(predicted)
GGH-201 Q92820
Enzymes
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Plasma proteins
Mapped to neXtProt
Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
318 aa
36 kDa
Yes 0
GGH-202 A0A7I2V5X9
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
271 aa
30.2 kDa
Yes 0
GGH-211 A0A7I2V5P2
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
245 aa
27.5 kDa
Yes 0
GGH-212 A0A7I2V5M0
Metabolic proteins
Predicted intracellular proteins
Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
93 aa
10.5 kDa
No 0

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