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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

APEX1

Description

APEX nuclease (multifunctional DNA repair enzyme) 1

Protein class

Candidate cancer biomarkers, Enzymes, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes the major AP endonuclease in human cells. Splice variants have been found for this gene; all encode the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

14 in total
0 with predicted TM region
0 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Nucleus

Additional location(s)

 

Staining summary

Localized to the nucleus.

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA002564, CAB004294, CAB047307
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Ubiquitous nuclear expression.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 81 out of 82 cell types

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

HPA002564, CAB004294, CAB047307
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 99% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

HPA002564, CAB004294, CAB047307
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

HPA002564

CAB004294

CAB047307

HPA002564

CAB004294

CAB047307

A-431 Skin High
ModerateModerateModerate
A-549 Lung High
CACO-2 Colon High
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney High
HeLa Cervix High
Hep-G2 Liver High

-

MCF-7 Pleural effusion High
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone High
ModerateWeakWeak
U-251 MG Brain High
ModerateWeakWeak

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

HPA002564 pAb
CAB004294 mAb
CAB047307 mAb