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GENE AND PROTEIN SUMMARY

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Gene name

CD44

Description

CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)

Protein class

Blood group antigen proteins, Candidate cancer biomarkers, CD markers, Mapped to UniProt SWISS-PROT, Plasma proteins, Potential transmembrane proteins, Potentially secreted proteins

Protein evidence

High

Entrez gene summary

The protein encoded by this gene is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. It is a receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) and can also interact with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This protein participates in a wide variety of cellular functions including lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis. Transcripts for this gene undergo complex alternative splicing that results in many functionally distinct isoforms, however, the full length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing is the basis for the structural and functional diversity of this protein, and may be related to tumor metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

External links

Ensembl, UniProt, Entrez gene, neXtProt, Antibodypedia

No of splice variants

30 in total
15 with predicted TM region
14 with predicted signal peptide

SUBCELLULAR LOCATION SUMMARY

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Main location(s)

Plasma membrane

Additional location(s)

Golgi apparatus 

Staining summary

Mainly localized to the plasma membrane but also to the Golgi apparatus.

Reliability (APE)

High

Antibodies in assay

CAB000112, CAB000316, HPA005785
 

NORMAL TISSUE & ORGAN SUMMARY

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Expression summary

Cytoplasmic and membranous staining in most epithelial and lymphatic tissues.

Tissue specificity

Expressed in 45 out of 82 cell types

Reliability (APE)

Medium

Antibodies in assay

CAB000112, CAB000316, HPA005785
 

Organ

No of cell types

Protein expression

CNS (brain) 11
Hematopoietic (blood) 8
Liver and pancreas 5
Digestive (GI-tract) 13
Respiratory (lung) 4
Cardiovascular 1
Female tissues 13
Placenta 2
Male tissues 5
Urinary tract (kidney) 3
Skin and soft tissues 14
Endocrine tissues 3

Level of annotated protein expression





High
Medium
Low
None

CANCER TISSUE SUMMARY

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Staining summary

Antibody staining in 56% of the cancers

Antibodies in assay

CAB000112, CAB000316, HPA005785
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Breast cancer
 
Carcinoid
 
Cervical cancer
 
 
Colorectal cancer
 
 
Endometrial cancer
 
 
Glioma
 
Head and neck cancer
 
 
Liver cancer
 
 
Lung cancer
 
 
Lymphoma
 
 
 

Tissue

Cancer staining

Protein
expression of
normal tissue

Melanoma
 
Ovarian cancer
 
Pancreatic cancer
 
Prostate cancer
 
Renal cancer
 
Skin cancer
 
Stomach cancer
 
 
Testis cancer
 
Thyroid cancer
 
Urothelial cancer
 

Level of antibody staining





Strong
Moderate
Weak
Negative

CELL LINE SUMMARY

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RNA evidence

High
 

Cell line

Cell origin

RNA abundance

IH staining

IF intensity

CAB000112

CAB000316

HPA005785

CAB000112

CAB000316

HPA005785

A-431 Skin High
ModerateModerateModerate
A-549 Lung High
CACO-2 Colon Medium
HEK 293 Embryonal kidney Medium
HeLa Cervix High
Hep-G2 Liver Low
MCF-7 Pleural effusion Low
PC-3 Bone marrow High
RT-4 Urinary bladder High
U-2 OS Bone High
ModerateModerate
U-251 MG Brain High
NegativeModerateStrong

ANTIBODY SUMMARY

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Antibody

Clonality

Validation

CAB000112 mAb
CAB000316 mAb
HPA005785 pAb