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CD44
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  • CD44
PROTEIN SUMMARY SECTION OVERVIEW RNA DATA ANTIBODY DATA
Amygdala Basal ganglia Thalamus Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata Hippocampal formation Spinal cord White matter Cerebral cortex Cerebellum Choroid plexus Hypothalamus Retina Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Adrenal gland Pituitary gland Lung Salivary gland Esophagus Tongue Stomach Duodenum Small intestine Colon Rectum Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Kidney Urinary bladder Testis Epididymis Prostate Seminal vesicle Vagina Breast Cervix Endometrium Fallopian tube Ovary Placenta Heart muscle Skeletal muscle Smooth muscle Adipose tissue Skin Bone marrow Thymus Spleen Lymph node Tonsil Appendix
CD44 INFORMATION
Proteini

Full gene name according to HGNC.

CD44 molecule (Indian blood group)
Gene namei

Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.

CD44 (CD44R, CSPG8, HCELL, IN, MC56, MDU2, MDU3, MIC4, Pgp1)
Protein classi

Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).

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Blood group antigen proteins
Cancer-related genes
CD markers
FDA approved drug targets
Plasma proteins
Number of transcriptsi

Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.

26
Protein evidence Evidence at protein level (all genes)
PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND LOCALIZATION
Tissue profilei

A summary of the overall protein expression profile across the analyzed normal tissues based on knowledge-based annotation, presented in the Tissue section.

"Estimation of protein expression could not be performed. View primary data." is shown for genes where available RNA-seq and gene/protein characterization data in combination with immunohistochemistry data has been evaluated as not sufficient to yield a reliable estimation of the protein expression profile.
Cytoplasmic and membranous expression in most epithelial and lymphoid tissues.
Subcellular location Localized to the Plasma membrane In addition localized to the Golgi apparatus
Predicted locationi

All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.

  • Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.

  • Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).

The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.

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Intracellular, Membrane, Secreted (different isoforms)
Extracellular locationi

All genes with at least one isoform expected to be secreted to the extracellular environment have been annotated and classified either as secreted to blood or as locally secreted, depending on the predicted final location of the corresponding protein. Proteins expected to be locally secreted have been further classified according to their site of expression.

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Secreted to blood
TISSUE RNA EXPRESSION
Tissue specificityi

The RNA specificity category is based on normalized mRNA expression levels in the consensus dataset, calculated from the RNA expression levels in samples from HPA and GTEX. The categories include: tissue enriched, group enriched, tissue enhanced, low tissue specificity and not detected.

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Tissue enhanced (salivary gland)
Tissue expression clusteri

The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across tissues. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.

Read more
Squamous epithelial cells - Epithelial cell function (mainly)
Brain specificityi

The regional specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analysed brain samples, grouped into 13 main brain regions and calculated for the three different species. All brain expression profiles are based on data from HPA. The specificity categories include: regionally enriched, group enriched, regionally enhanced, low regional specificity and not detected. The classification rules are the same used for the tissue specificity category

Read more
Low human brain regional specificity
Single cell type specificityi

The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed cell types based on scRNA-seq data from normal tissues. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.

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Cell type enhanced (Langerhans cells, granulocytes, Ductal cells, Exocrine glandular cells)
Single cell type
expression clusteri

The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.

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Myeloid cells - Innate immune response (mainly)
Tissue cell type classificationi

Genes can have enriched specificity in different cell types in one or several tissues, or be enriched in a core cell type that appears in many different tissues.

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Cell type enriched (Adipose subcutaneous - Adipose progenitor cells, Prostate - Urothelial cells, Skin - Keratinocyte (other))
IMMUNE CELLS
Immune cell specificityi

The RNA specificity category is based on mRNA expression levels in the analyzed samples based on data from HPA. The categories include: cell type enriched, group enriched, cell type enhanced, low cell type specificity and not detected.

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Low immune cell specificity
Immune cell
expression clusteri

The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across single cell types. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.

Read more
Non-specific - mRNA processing (mainly)
CANCER & CELL LINES
Prognostic summary Prognostic marker in renal cancer (unfavorable) Renal cancer p<0.001
Cancer specificityi

Specificity of RNA expression in 17 cancer types is categorized as either cancer enriched, group enriched, cancer enhanced, low cancer specificity and not detected.

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Low cancer specificity
Cell line
expression clusteri

The RNA data was used to cluster genes according to their expression across cell lines. Clusters contain genes that have similar expression patterns, and each cluster has been manually annotated to describe common features in terms of function and specificity.

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Connective tissue cells - ECM organization (mainly)
Cell line specificityi

RNA specificity category based on RNA sequencing data from cancer cell lines in the Human Protein Atlas grouped according to type of cancer. Genes are classified into six different categories (enriched, group enriched, enhanced, low specificity and not detected) according to their RNA expression levels across the panel of cell lines.

Read more
Low cancer specificity
PROTEINS IN BLOOD
Secretome annotationi

All genes with at least one predicted secreted isoform have been annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are:

  • secreted into blood
  • locally secreted
  • or actually being attached to membrane or retained in intracellular locations like mitochondria, endoplasmatic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus or lysosomes.

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Secreted to blood
Detected in blood by
immunoassayi

The blood-based immunoassay category applies to actively secreted proteins and is based on plasma or serum protein concentrations established with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, compiled from a literature search. The categories include: detected and not detected, where detection refers to a concentration found in the literature search.

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No
Detected in blood by
mass spectrometryi

Detection or not of the gene in blood, based on spectral count estimations from a publicly available mass spectrometry-based plasma proteomics data set obtained from the PeptideAtlas.

Yes
Detected in blood by
proximity extension assayi

Detection or not of the gene in blood, based on proximity extension assays (Olink) for a longitudinal wellness study covering 76 individuals with three visits during two years.

Read more
No
PROTEIN FUNCTION
Protein function (UniProt)i

Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.

Cell-surface receptor that plays a role in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration, helping them to sense and respond to changes in the tissue microenvironment 1, 2, 3. Participates thereby in a wide variety of cellular functions including the activation, recirculation and homing of T-lymphocytes, hematopoiesis, inflammation and response to bacterial infection 4. Engages, through its ectodomain, extracellular matrix components such as hyaluronan/HA, collagen, growth factors, cytokines or proteases and serves as a platform for signal transduction by assembling, via its cytoplasmic domain, protein complexes containing receptor kinases and membrane proteases 5, 6. Such effectors include PKN2, the RhoGTPases RAC1 and RHOA, Rho-kinases and phospholipase C that coordinate signaling pathways promoting calcium mobilization and actin-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization essential for cell migration and adhesion 7.... show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i

Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.

Blood group antigen, Receptor
Biological process (UniProt)i

Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.

Cell adhesion
Disease involvementi

Disease related keywords assigned by UniProt combined with Cancer-related genes and FDA approved drug targets

Read more
Cancer-related genes, FDA approved drug targets
Gene summary (Entrez)i

Useful information about the gene from Entrez

The protein encoded by this gene is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. It is a receptor for hyaluronic acid (HA) and can also interact with other ligands, such as osteopontin, collagens, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This protein participates in a wide variety of cellular functions including lymphocyte activation, recirculation and homing, hematopoiesis, and tumor metastasis. Transcripts for this gene undergo complex alternative splicing that results in many functionally distinct isoforms, however, the full length nature of some of these variants has not been determined. Alternative splicing is the basis for the structural and functional diversity of this protein, and may be related to tumor metastasis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]... show less

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